产业集群中的创新中心研究

越来越多的学者开始关注产业集群存在衰退风险的问题,集群技术创新系统是解决集群衰退的关键途径。本文通过建立技术供求机制模型和博弈模型,解释了创新中心——地方政府干预集群技术创新活动的新制度安排是如何减少集群内各种创新主体的机会主义行为,降低技术创新交易成本,激励集群企业和大学、科研机构开展技术研发合作,从而实现技术创新成果在集群内的有效扩散。本文还探索性地研究了集群创新中心的创业服务功能优势。本文通过对佛山市南庄陶瓷产业集群进行的一手案例研究,从集群的角度对华夏陶瓷研发中心所发挥的创新与创业服务功能优势进行了实证分析,并给出了相应的政策建议。     

组织变革中的企业内分工--对Becker-Murphy分工模型的扩展

建立在亚当.斯密分工理论基础之上的经典的企业组织形式,从20世纪80年代开始发生了动摇。团队生产、多任务的小组(或者个人)的生产组织形式开始在企业中出现并不断扩展。然而这种组织变革的发生难以用传统的分工理论来解释。本文通过对Becker-Murphy分工模型的扩展,说明组织变革发生的原因。发现在分工深化的同时协调成本的上升,以及协调成本背后知识的分工与整合,是企业内分工或者说企业组织变革的主要原因。     

Re-examining the economic determinants of alcohol consumption in Canada: controlling for the presence of common correlated effects

Alcoholic beverages represent both an important source of revenue and a driver of expenditure for provincial governments in Canada. As a result, the pricing of alcoholic beverages has substantial public policy implications. In this context, we re-examine existing work estimating the demand for three classes of alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, and spirits) by controlling for common correlated effects. The results reveal that any conclusions regarding the government’s ability to influence alcohol consumption is sensitive to the assumption that the relationship between the demand for alcoholic beverages and economic variables is identical across provinces.     

Modelling interactions among the housing market and key US sectors

This study evaluates the dynamic interactions among the housing market and ten key US sectors including: consumer discretionary, consumer staples, energy, financials, industrial, technology, health care, materials, utility and telecommunications. Long-run results indicate that the housing market is integrated with each of the ten sector and that the degree of convergence has increased over time and especially after the onset of the most recent housing crisis. Moreover, the housing market contributes most heavily to the common trends indicating that the housing market is the ‘leader’ market that drives each sector towards the long-run equilibrium relationships. Short-run analyses indicate causal linkages emanating from the housing market to each sector with reciprocal feedback. Finally, impulse response function analysis reveal that shocks from each sector affect the housing market but that shocks from the housing market have a (comparatively) more profound and persistent impact on each sector.     

因子分析中公因子提取方法的比较与选择

近代和现代统计分析方法中，因子分析是最重要的方法之一。因子分析中有7种提取公因子的方法，其中主成分法、极大似然法和主轴因子法是常用的方法。在着重解析这三种方法基本数学过程的基础上，对其适用条件和应用注意事项进行了比较，最后结合实例比较了不同公因子提取方法的结果，并对提取公因子过程中出现的问题给出了可能的解决办法。     

推行双语——建立和谐语言生态环境的有效措施

推行双语是建立和谐语言生态环境,延缓少数民族语言逐渐走向濒危的有效措施之一,在本文的论述中解释了双语、双语现象及其类型,阐述了推行双语的必要性、优越性和重要性,并指出了推行双语必须要树立的正确观念——和谐发展。这对于形成健康的双语社会,更好的发挥母语和通用语在社会生活中的功能和作用,有着一定的理论指导价值。     

Pairwise epistemic conditions for Nash equilibrium

We introduce a framework for modeling pairwise interactive beliefs and provide an epistemic foundation for Nash equilibrium in terms of pairwise epistemic conditions locally imposed on only some pairs of players. Our main result considerably weakens not only the standard sufficient conditions by Aumann and Brandenburger (1995), but also the subsequent generalization by Barelli (2009). Surprisingly, our conditions do not require nor imply mutual belief in rationality.     

Does the Decoupling Reform Affect Agricultural Employment in Sweden? Evidence from an Exogenous Change

This study uses aggregated municipality data, for the years 2001–2009, to explore whether direct payments to farmers affect agricultural employment in Swedish municipalities. The decoupling reform in 2005 included a new grassland support payment accompanied by management obligations that had unexpectedly high redistributive consequences as it greatly increased common agricultural policy payments to municipalities with large areas of grassland. In some municipalities, total payments more than doubled. Thus, since the reform seems exogenous to the behaviour of farmers and the regional economy, the reform can be used to identify a subsidy effect. We find that a permanent increase in agricultural employment can be attributed to the new grassland support. Our results indicate that the grassland support generates an additional job at a cost of SEK 250,000, relative to the average agricultural wage of SEK 333,000. However, the subsidy effect is largely keeping jobs in agriculture, i.e. the grassland support may be slowing down the process of structural change in grassland regions.     

Optimal dynamic reinsurance with dependent risks: variance premium principle

In this paper, we consider the optimal proportional reinsurance strategy in a risk model with two dependent classes of insurance business, where the two claim number processes are correlated through a common shock component. Under the criterion of maximizing the expected exponential utility with the variance premium principle, we adopt a nonstandard approach to examining the existence and uniqueness of the optimal reinsurance strategy. Using the technique of stochastic control theory, closed-form expressions for the optimal strategy and the value function are derived for the compound Poisson risk model as well as for the Brownian motion risk model. From the numerical examples, we see that the optimal results for the compound Poisson risk model are very different from those for the diffusion model. The former depends not only on the safety loading, time, and the interest rate, but also on the claim size distributions and the claim number processes, while the latter depends only on the safety loading, time, and the interest rate.